Jump to content

Eurovision Song Contest 1988

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Eurovision Song Contest 1988
Dates
Final30 April 1988
Host
VenueRDS Simmonscourt Pavilion,
Dublin, Ireland
Presenter(s)
Musical directorNoel Kelehan
Directed byDeclan Lowney
Executive supervisorFrank Naef
Executive producerLiam Miller
Host broadcasterRadio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ)
Websiteeurovision.tv/event/dublin-1988 Edit this at Wikidata
Participants
Number of entries21
Debuting countriesNone
Returning countriesNone
Non-returning countries Cyprus
  • A coloured map of the countries of EuropeBelgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Switzerland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Monaco in the Eurovision Song ContestLuxembourg in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Malta in the Eurovision Song ContestAustria in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988Morocco in the Eurovision Song ContestCyprus in the Eurovision Song ContestIceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988
         Competing countries     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1988
Vote
Voting systemEach country awarded 12, 10, 8-1 point(s) to their 10 favourite songs
Winning song  Switzerland
"Ne partez pas sans moi"
1987 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1989

The Eurovision Song Contest 1988 was the 33rd edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Dublin, Ireland, following Johnny Logan's win at the 1987 contest with the song "Hold Me Now". Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Radio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ), the contest was held at the RDS Simmonscourt on 30 April 1988 and was hosted by Irish broadcaster Pat Kenny and the Miss Ireland 1980 Michelle Rocca, marking the first time since the 1979 contest that two presenters had hosted the contest.

Twenty-one countries took part, after an initial plan of twenty-two, as Cyprus' song was disqualified for breaching the contest's rules by being published a few years earlier, in an attempt to represent the country at a prior edition of the contest. The Cypriot song had been drawn to be performed 2nd in the running order.

The winner was Switzerland with the song "Ne partez pas sans moi", performed by Canadian singer Céline Dion and composed by Atilla Şereftuğ with lyrics in French by Nella Martinetti. Switzerland beat the United Kingdom by just one point in the last vote to win the title. The victory helped launch Dion's international career, subsequently leading her to become one of the best-selling artists of all time.

Location

[edit]
RDS Simmonscourt Pavilion – host venue of the 1988 contest

The 1988 contest took place in Dublin, Ireland, following the country's victory at the 1987 edition with the song "Hold Me Now", performed by Johnny Logan. It was the third time that Ireland had hosted the contest, following the 1971 and 1981 events also held in Dublin.[1]

The selected venue was the Simmonscourt Pavilion of the Royal Dublin Society, a multi-purpose venue situated in the Ballsbridge area of the city, which had previously hosted the 1981 contest.[2][3] Space for approximately 1,500 people in the audience was expected following construction of the stage and other technical aspects.[2]

Participating countries

[edit]
Further information: List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest
Eurovision Song Contest 1988 – Participation summaries by country

The same twenty-two countries which had participated the previous year submitted entries for the 1988 contest. However, a number of weeks before the event, it was discovered that the song selected to represent Cyprus, "Thimame", written by John Vickers and Aristos Moschovakis and sung by Aristos Moschovakis, had previously competed in the 1984 Cypriot national selection under the title "San to rok-en-rol", and was therefore ineligible to compete at Eurovision.[4][5][6] The Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (CyBC) subsequently announced on 12 March 1988 that it had nullified the selection of "Thimame" as the Cypriot entry; as the rules of the 1988 Cypriot selection did not provide for a second-placed song to be declared, and as there was not enough time to stage a second selection process to determine a replacement entry, CyBC was ultimately unable to participate in the contest.[4][5][7]

Several of the artists which competed in this year's contest has performed in previous editions of the event. Sweden's Tommy Körberg has competed in the 1969 contest;[8] the duo Hot Eyes, also known as Kirsten and Søren, represented Denmark for a third time, following appearances at the 1984 and 1985 contests;[9] the group MFÖ returned for Turkey after also competing in 1985;[10] Portugal's Dora competed again two years after her previous entry;[11] and Israel's Yardena Arazi returned to compete as a solo artist, after previously representing her country as part of the group Chocolate Menta Mastik in 1976, and co-hosting the 1979 contest held in Jerusalem.[12] Additionally, Finland's Boulevard had previously performed as the backing group for the previous year's Finnish entrant Vicky Rosti, and among Yardena Arazi's backing vocalists was Yehuda Tamir and Reuven Gvirtz [he], members of the Israeli group Milk and Honey which had won the 1979 contest.[13][14]

Each performance had a conductor who was maestro to the orchestra, except for Iceland and Italy.[15]

Participants of the Eurovision Song Contest 1988[15][16]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s) Conductor
 Austria ORF Wilfried "Lisa Mona Lisa" German
Harald Neuwirth
 Belgium RTBF Reynaert "Laissez briller le soleil" French
Dany Willem
 Denmark DR Hot Eyes "Ka' du se hva' jeg sa'" Danish
Henrik Krogsgaard
 Finland YLE Boulevard "Nauravat silmät muistetaan" Finnish
Ossi Runne
 France Antenne 2 Gérard Lenorman "Chanteur de charme" French
Guy Mattéoni
 Germany BR[a] Maxi and Chris Garden "Lied für einen Freund" German
Michael Thatcher
 Greece ERT Afroditi Fryda "Clown" (Κλόουν) Greek Dimitris Sakislis Haris Andreadis
 Iceland RÚV Beathoven "Sókrates" Icelandic Sverrir Stormsker No conductor
 Ireland RTÉ Jump the Gun "Take Him Home" English Peter Eades Noel Kelehan
 Israel IBA Yardena Arazi "Ben Adam" (בן אדם) Hebrew
Eldad Shrem
 Italy RAI Luca Barbarossa "Ti scrivo" Italian Luca Barbarossa No conductor
 Luxembourg CLT Lara Fabian "Croire" French
  • Jacques Cardona
  • Alain Garcia
 Régis Dupré
 Netherlands NOS Gerard Joling "Shangri-La" Dutch Peter de Wijn Harry van Hoof
 Norway NRK Karoline Krüger "For vår jord" Norwegian
Arild Stav
 Portugal RTP Dora "Voltarei" Portuguese
José Calvário
 Spain TVE La Década "La chica que yo quiero (Made in Spain)" Spanish
  • Francisco Dondiego
  • Enrique Piero
 Javier de Juan
 Sweden SVT Tommy Körberg "Stad i ljus" Swedish Py Bäckman Anders Berglund
  Switzerland SRG SSR Céline Dion "Ne partez pas sans moi" French
Atilla Şereftuğ
 Turkey TRT MFÖ "Sufi (Hey Ya Hey)" Turkish
Turhan Yükseler
 United Kingdom BBC Scott Fitzgerald "Go" English Julie Forsyth Ronnie Hazlehurst
 Yugoslavia JRT Srebrna krila[b] "Mangup" (Мангуп) Serbo-Croatian
Nikica Kalogjera

Production and format

[edit]

The Eurovision Song Contest 1988 was produced by the Irish public broadcaster Radio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ). Liam Miller served as executive producer, Declan Lowney served as director, Paula Farrell and Michael Grogan served as designers, and Noel Kelehan served as musical director, leading the RTÉ Concert Orchestra.[18][19][20] A separate musical director could be nominated by each country to lead the orchestra during their performance, with the host musical director also available to conduct for those countries which did not nominate their own conductor.[21] On behalf of the contest organisers, the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), the event was overseen by Frank Naef as executive supervisor.[22][23][24]

Host broadcaster RTÉ, employed Declan Lowney, who was notable for being a director of music videos and youth programming, as director for this edition, in order to revamp the contest to attract and sustain a younger audience. The traditional scoreboard was replaced with two giant Vidiwalls located on either side of the stage, which also projected live images of the performers from the green room where the competitors sat during the votes announcements, and a new computer-generated scoreboard was used.

The stage itself, conceived by Paula Farrell under chief production designer Michael Grogan, was also the largest and most elaborate ever constructed for the Eurovision Song Contest to date. To compensate for the fact that the vast stage took up most of the room in what is really an average size exhibition hall, the director deliberately darkened the hall where the audience was located and refused to use wide angled shots of the audience, in order to create the illusion of the venue being bigger than it actually was.

Each country had a jury who awarded 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 point(s) for its top ten songs. The number of jury members changed this year from 11 which had been the limit since 1975 to 16 which would be used until 1996 when five countries tested the televoting in 1997.

Contest overview

[edit]

The contest took place on 30 April 1988 at 20:00 (IST) with a duration of 2 hours and 50 minutes and was presented by Pat Kenny and Michelle Rocca.[18][25]

The contest was opened by a video montage highlighting ancient Celtic structures, items and mythology pertaining to prehistoric Ireland, transitioning to footage of modern-day Ireland and Dublin. This was followed by a performance of the previous year's winning entry, "Hold Me Now", by Johnny Logan.[26] The interval act was the Irish rock group Hothouse Flowers, with a music video of their song "Don't Go"; the group's lead singer Liam Ó Maonlaí also appeared on stage before the music video played to explain the meaning behind the song while playing the piano.[26][27] The trophy awarded to the winners was presented at the end of the broadcast by Johnny Logan.[28]

The winner was Switzerland represented by the song "Ne partez pas sans moi", composed by Atilla Şereftuğ, written by Nella Martinetti and performed by Céline Dion.[29] It was Switzerland's second Eurovision win, following their victory at the inaugural edition in 1956.[30] It also remains as of 2024 the last time that a song in the French language has won.[31]

The contest helped launch an international career for two now world-famous artists, the winner for Switzerland Céline Dion and Luxembourg's representative Lara Fabian. Canadian Céline Dion was a rising star in the French-speaking world at the time of the contest. Shortly afterwards she started recording songs in English to great worldwide success.[18] As Dion, Belgian-Canadian Lara Fabian also achieved a successful career after the contest with becoming established in various countries worldwide, with a mainly French-sung repertoire.[18]

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1988[32]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1  Iceland Beathoven "Sókrates" 20 16
2  Sweden Tommy Körberg "Stad i ljus" 52 12
3  Finland Boulevard "Nauravat silmät muistetaan" 3 20
4  United Kingdom Scott Fitzgerald "Go" 136 2
5  Turkey MFÖ "Sufi (Hey Ya Hey)" 37 15
6  Spain La Década "La chica que yo quiero (Made in Spain)" 58 11
7  Netherlands Gerard Joling "Shangri-La" 70 9
8  Israel Yardena Arazi "Ben Adam" 85 7
9   Switzerland Céline Dion "Ne partez pas sans moi" 137 1
10  Ireland Jump the Gun "Take Him Home" 79 8
11  Germany Maxi and Chris Garden "Lied für einen Freund" 48 14
12  Austria Wilfried "Lisa Mona Lisa" 0 21
13  Denmark Hot Eyes "Ka' du se hva' jeg sa'" 92 3
14  Greece Afroditi Fryda "Clown" 10 17
15  Norway Karoline Krüger "For vår jord" 88 5
16  Belgium Reynaert "Laissez briller le soleil" 5 18
17  Luxembourg Lara Fabian "Croire" 90 4
18  Italy Luca Barbarossa "Ti scrivo" 52 12
19  France Gérard Lenorman "Chanteur de charme" 64 10
20  Portugal Dora "Voltarei" 5 18
21  Yugoslavia Srebrna krila[b] "Mangup" 87 6

Spokespersons

[edit]

Each country nominated a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing the votes for their respective country via telephone. Known spokespersons at the 1988 contest are listed below.

Detailed voting results

[edit]

Jury voting was used to determine the points awarded by all countries.[37] The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in the order in which they performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's points in English or French in ascending order.[26][37] The detailed breakdown of the points awarded by each country is listed in the tables below.

Detailed voting results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1988[38][39]
Total score
Iceland
Sweden
Finland
United Kingdom
Turkey
Spain
Netherlands
Israel
Switzerland
Ireland
Germany
Austria
Denmark
Greece
Norway
Belgium
Luxembourg
Italy
France
Portugal
Yugoslavia
Contestants
 Iceland 20 1 4 4 1 2 8
Sweden 52 3 2 8 5 8 12 1 3 10
Finland 3 3
United Kingdom 136 1 5 10 12 10 10 5 7 10 10 10 6 5 12 8 12 3
Turkey 37 4 1 5 1 8 8 4 6
Spain 58 2 5 2 6 8 1 8 2 6 6 8 4
Netherlands 70 6 6 7 7 2 6 12 12 5 7
Israel 85 6 6 4 6 3 10 1 5 2 3 10 5 3 10 10 1
Switzerland 137 7 12 5 10 10 8 10 4 10 12 10 8 4 1 7 1 12 6
Ireland 79 7 2 3 2 12 6 4 7 6 7 7 5 4 5 2
Germany 48 8 5 1 3 5 6 6 4 2 8
Austria 0
Denmark 92 10 3 4 1 12 6 1 4 4 12 10 7 12 6
Greece 10 3 7
Norway 88 5 8 7 12 7 1 8 1 3 5 7 3 4 7 10
Belgium 5 5
Luxembourg 90 4 10 12 7 5 12 12 1 2 2 6 8 2 4 3
Italy 52 8 4 7 8 2 5 3 2 8 5
France 64 2 3 8 2 2 3 3 7 3 5 1 2 10 1 12
Portugal 5 4 1
Yugoslavia 87 12 6 1 8 7 12 2 3 4 12 4 7 6 3

12 points

[edit]

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another. The winning country is shown in bold. Denmark, Luxembourg, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Yugoslavia received the maximum score of 12 points from three of the voting countries, the Netherlands received two sets of 12 points, and France, Ireland, Norway and Sweden each received one maximum score.[38][39]

Distribution of 12 points awarded at the Eurovision Song Contest 1988[38][39]
N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 12 points
3  Denmark  Austria,  France,  Netherlands
 Luxembourg  Finland,  Ireland,   Switzerland
  Switzerland  Germany,  Portugal,  Sweden
 United Kingdom  Belgium,  Italy,  Turkey
 Yugoslavia  Denmark,  Iceland,  Israel
2  Netherlands  Greece,  Luxembourg
1  France  Yugoslavia
 Ireland  Spain
 Norway  United Kingdom
 Sweden  Norway

Broadcasts

[edit]

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[40]

Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref.
 Austria ORF FS1 Ernst Grissemann [41][42]
 Belgium RTBF RTBF1 Pierre Collard-Bovy [43]
BRT TV1 Luc Appermont [44]
BRT 2 [45]
 Denmark DR DR TV, DR P2 Jørgen de Mylius [46]
 Finland YLE TV1, 2-verkko [fi] Erkki Pohjanheimo [47][48]
 France Antenne 2 Lionel Cassan [fr] [49][50]
 Germany ARD Erstes Deutsches Fernsehen Nicole and Claus-Erich Boetzkes [41][51]
 Greece ERT ET1 Dafni Bokota [52][53]
 Iceland RÚV Sjónvarpið, Rás 1 Hermann Gunnarsson [54]
 Ireland RTÉ RTÉ 1 Mike Murphy [55][56]
RTÉ FM3 Larry Gogan [57]
 Israel IBA Israeli Television, Reshet Gimel [he] [58]
 Italy RAI Rai Tre Daniele Piombi [59]
 Luxembourg CLT RTL Télévision [60]
RTL plus [45]
 Netherlands NOS Nederland 3 Willem van Beusekom [45][61]
 Norway NRK NRK Fjernsynet, NRK P2 John Andreassen [62][63]
 Portugal RTP RTP1 [64]
 Spain TVE TVE 2 Beatriz Pécker [es] [65]
 Sweden SVT TV2 Bengt Grafström [66]
RR [sv] SR P3 Kalle Oldby [67]
  Switzerland SRG SSR SRG Sportkette [de] Bernard Thurnheer [de] [41]
SSR Chaîne sportive Serge Moisson [fr] [68]
TSI Canale sportivo [69]
 Turkey TRT TV1 [70]
 United Kingdom BBC BBC1 Terry Wogan [71]
BBC Radio 2 Ken Bruce [72]
 Yugoslavia JRT TV Beograd 1, TV Novi Sad, TV Zagreb 1 Oliver Mlakar [73][74][75][76]
TV Ljubljana 1 [sl] [77]
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref.
 Australia SBS SBS TV[d] [78]
 Canada CBC Radio-Canada[e] Céline Dion and René Angélil [79][80]
 Cyprus CyBC RIK, A Programma [81][82]
 Czechoslovakia ČST ČST2[f] [83]
 Estonian SSR ETV[g] [84]
 Faroe Islands SvF [86]
 Greenland KNR KNR[h] [87]
 Hungary MTV MTV2 [88]
 Jordan JRTV JTV2 [89]
 Poland TP TP1[i] [90]
 Soviet Union CT USSR Programme One[g] [85]

Notes and references

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[17]
  2. ^ a b Credited on screen as "Silver Wings"
  3. ^ Confirmed by host Pat Kenny during the broadcast.[26]
  4. ^ Deferred broadcast the following day at 19:30 (AEST)[78]
  5. ^ Delayed broadcast in a shortened format on 30 May 1988 at 19:00 (EDT)[79]
  6. ^ Delayed broadcast in a shortened format on 29 May 1988 at 17:35 (CEST)[83]
  7. ^ a b Delayed broadcast on 28 May 1988 at 22:10 (MSD)[84][85]
  8. ^ Delayed broadcast on 2 May 1988 at 20:45 (WGST)[87]
  9. ^ Delayed broadcast on 14 May 1988 at 20:00 (CEST)[90]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Ireland – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  2. ^ a b Roxburgh 2020, pp. 336–338.
  3. ^ "RDS Simmonscourt, Royal Dublin Society | Explore Hotels Nearby + Fairgrounds Info". Geta. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  4. ^ a b Roxburgh 2016, pp. 336–338.
  5. ^ a b "Το σκάνδαλο Γιουροβίζιον – Ποιος παραβίασε τους κανονισμούς;" [Opinion: The Eurovision scandal – Who broke the rules?]. Haravgi (in Greek). Nicosia, Cyprus. 15 March 1988. p. 4. Retrieved 31 October 2024 – via Cyprus Press and Information Office [el].
  6. ^ "Ξεκαθαρίζει σήμερα το θέμα με Γιουροβίζιον" [Clarifies the issue with Eurovision today]. Mesimvrini (in Greek). Nicosia, Cyprus. 28 February 1988. p. 2. Retrieved 31 October 2024 – via Cyprus Press and Information Office [el].
  7. ^ "Η Κύπρος δεν μετέχει στη 'Γιουροβίζιον'" [Cyprus does not participate in Eurovision]. Haravgi (in Greek). Nicosia, Cyprus. 13 March 1988. p. 16. Retrieved 31 October 2024 – via Cyprus Press and Information Office [el].
  8. ^ "Third time lucky for Tommy Körberg?". EuroVisionary. 6 August 2012. Archived from the original on 29 March 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  9. ^ Christensen, Kasper (19 February 2011). "Da Kirsten Siggaard næsten fødte på scenen" [When Kirsten Siggaard almost gave birth on stage] (in Danish). DR. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  10. ^ "Eurovision resmi hesabından Özkan Uğur paylaşımı" [Özkan Uğur shared from the official Eurovision account]. BirGün (in Turkish). 11 July 2023. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  11. ^ Callixto, João Carlos. "Dora" (in Portuguese). Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RTP). Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  12. ^ "1976: חלקנו יחד את המתח" [1976: We shared the tension together]. Israel Hayom (in Hebrew). 23 April 2019. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  13. ^ "Boulevard" (in Spanish). Eurovision Spain. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  14. ^ "Milk and Honey" (in Spanish). Eurovision Spain. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  15. ^ a b Roxburgh 2016, pp. 339–347.
  16. ^ "Participants of Dublin 1988". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 3 February 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  17. ^ "Alle deutschen ESC-Acts und ihre Titel" [All German ESC acts and their songs]. www.eurovision.de (in German). ARD. Archived from the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
  18. ^ a b c d "Eurovision Song Contest 1998". European Broadcasting Union official website – History by year section. Archived from the original on 31 January 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  19. ^ Roxburgh 2016, p. 350.
  20. ^ O'Connor 2010, p. 217.
  21. ^ Roxburgh 2020, pp. 137–143.
  22. ^ "The Organisers behind the Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  23. ^ "Former Eurovision scrutineer Frank Naef shares his backstage recollections". European Broadcasting Union. 10 February 2017. Archived from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  24. ^ O'Connor 2010, p. 210.
  25. ^ Roxburgh 2016, pp. 338–347.
  26. ^ a b c d Eurovision Song Contest: Dublin 1988 (Television programme) (in English and French). Dublin, Ireland: Radio Telefís Éireann. 30 April 1988.
  27. ^ "23 years ago today - Céline Dion wins for Switzerland". European Broadcasting Union. 30 April 2011. Archived from the original on 29 December 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  28. ^ O'Connor 2010, p. 216.
  29. ^ "Céline Dion – Switzerland – Dublin 1988". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 25 July 2022. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  30. ^ "Switzerland – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
  31. ^ "Following a Swiss Eurovision win: What Céline Dion did next". European Broadcasting Union. 20 June 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  32. ^ "Final of Dublin 1988". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
  33. ^ "Fór út með vinningsglampann í sólgleraugunum" [Went out with the winning glare in the sunglasses]. Morgunblaðið (in Icelandic). Reykjavík, Iceland. 3 May 1988. pp. 66–67. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Timarit.is.
  34. ^ Thorsson & Verhage 2006, pp. 200–201.
  35. ^ Roxburgh 2016.
  36. ^ "Vas zanima, kakšno vlogo igra Miša Molk na letošnji Emi?" [Are you interested in what role Miša Molk plays at this year's EMA?]. Elle Slovenija. 24 February 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  37. ^ a b Roxburgh 2016, pp. 347–349.
  38. ^ a b c "Results of the Final of Dublin 1988". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
  39. ^ a b c "Eurovision Song Contest 1988 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
  40. ^ "The Rules of the Contest". European Broadcasting Union. 31 October 2018. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  41. ^ a b c "TV + Radio · Samstag" [TV + Radio · Saturday]. Bieler Tagblatt (in German). Biel, Switzerland. 30 April 1988. p. 22. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via E-newspaperarchives.ch.
  42. ^ Halbhuber, Axel (22 May 2015). "Ein virtueller Disput der ESC-Kommentatoren" [A virtual dispute between Eurovision commentators]. Kurier (in German). Vienna, Austria. Archived from the original on 23 May 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  43. ^ "Televisie buitenland" [Television abroad]. De Telegraaf Weekeinde (in Dutch). Amsterdam, Netherlands. 30 April 1988. p. 4. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Delpher.
  44. ^ "Zaterdag 30 april" [Saturday 30 April]. Brugsch Handelsblad Weekwijzer [nl] (in Dutch). Bruges, Belgium. 29 April 1988. p. 3. Retrieved 5 July 2024 – via Openbare Bibliotheek Brugge [nl].
  45. ^ a b c "Televisie en radio" [Television and radio]. Limburgs Dagblad (in Dutch). Heerlen, Netherlands. 30 April 1988. p. 50. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Delpher.
  46. ^ "Alle tiders programoversigter – Lørdag den 30. april 1988" [All-time programme overviews – Saturday 30 April 1988] (in Danish). DR. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  47. ^ "Radio · Televisio" [Radio · Television]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland. 30 April 1988. pp. 52–53. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  48. ^ "Euroviisut Dublinista" [Eurovision from Dublin]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland. 30 April 1988. p. 53. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  49. ^ "Radio-télévision – Samedi 30 avril" [Radio-television – Saturday 30 April]. Le Monde. Paris, France. 30 April 1988. p. 21. Retrieved 18 June 2024 – via Internet Archive.
  50. ^ "33ème Concours Eurovision de la chanson 1988 (catalog record)". INAthèque (in French). Institut national de l'audiovisuel. CPB88005668. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
  51. ^ "Tränen um Mitternacht" [Tears at midnight]. Gong (in German). Munich, West Germany. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
  52. ^ "ΕΡΤ – Σάββατο" [ERT – Saturday]. Laos [el] (in Greek). Veria, Greece. 30 April 1988. p. 6. Retrieved 18 June 2024 – via Public Central Library of Veria [el].
  53. ^ Tüzecan, Temuçin (30 April 1988). "TV'de Eurovision fırtınası" [Eurovision storm on TV]. Milliyet (in Turkish). Istanbul, Turkey. p. 2. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  54. ^ "Útvarp/Sjónvarp" [Radio/Television]. Morgunblaðið (in Icelandic). Reykjavík, Iceland. 30 April 1988. p. 6. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Timarit.is.
  55. ^ "Saturday's Television". The Irish Times Weekend. Dublin, Ireland. 30 April 1986. p. 6. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  56. ^ "Celebrities and public figures launch Irish campaign to boycott Eurovision 2019 in Israel". Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions. 30 July 2018. Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  57. ^ "Radio". The Irish Times Weekend. Dublin, Ireland. 30 April 1986. p. 6. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  58. ^ "Shabat 30.4.88 – Televizia" שבת 30.4.88 – טלוויזיה [Saturday 30/4/88 – TV]. Maariv (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv, Israel. 29 April 1988. pp. 150–151. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via National Library of Israel.
  59. ^ "Sabato 30 aprile" [Saturday 30 April]. Radiocorriere TV (in Italian). Vol. 65, no. 17. 24–30 April 1988. pp. 116–119. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  60. ^ "Samstag, 30. April | Samedi, 30 avril" [Saturday 30 April]. Agenda (in French, German, and Luxembourgish). No. 16. 30 April – 6 May 1988. pp. 6–9. Archived from the original on 3 June 2024. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  61. ^ Langerak, Henk (30 April 1988). "Een groot gezelschapsspel" [A great board game]. AD Zaterdag 2 (in Dutch). Rotterdam, Netherlands. p. 5. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Delpher.
  62. ^ "TV lørdag" [TV Saturday]. Sarpsborg Arbeiderblad (in Norwegian). Sarpsborg, Norway. 30 April 1988. pp. 22–23. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via National Library of Norway.
  63. ^ "P2 – Kjøreplan lørdag 30. april 1988" [P2 – Timetable Saturday 30 April 1988] (in Norwegian). NRK. 30 April 1988. p. 3. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via National Library of Norway. (subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries)
  64. ^ "Televisão" [Television]. Diário de Lisboa (in Portuguese). Lisbon, Portugal. 30 April 1988. p. 27. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Casa Comum.
  65. ^ "La programació" [The programming]. Diari de Barcelona (in Catalan). Barcelona, Spain. 30 April 1988. p. 43. Retrieved 6 October 2024 – via Historical Archive of the City of Barcelona [ca].
  66. ^ "TV-programmen" [TV programmes]. Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden. 30 April 1988. p. 23.
  67. ^ "Radioprogrammen" [Radio programmes]. Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden. 30 April 1988. p. 23.
  68. ^ "Samedi TV – 30 avril" [Saturday TV – 30 April]. Radio TV8 (in French). No. 16. Lausanne, Switzerland: Héliographia SA. 21 April 1988. pp. 60–63. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Scriptorium Digital Library.
  69. ^ "Musica nazionale" [National music]. Gazzetta Ticinese (in Italian). Lugano, Switzerland. 30 April 1988. p. 16. Retrieved 14 January 2023 – via Sistema bibliotecario ticinese [it].
  70. ^ "Televizyon" [Television]. Cumhuriyet (in Turkish). Istanbul, Turkey. 30 April 1988. p. 4. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  71. ^ "Eurovision Song Contest – BBC1". Radio Times. 30 April 1988. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via BBC Genome Project.
  72. ^ "Eurovision Song Contest – BBC Radio 2". Radio Times. 30 April 1988. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via BBC Genome Project.
  73. ^ "Телевизија" [Television]. Borba (in Serbo-Croatian (Cyrillic script)). Belgrade, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia. 30 April 1988. p. 24. Retrieved 25 May 2024 – via Belgrade University Library.
  74. ^ "Televizió – Szombat, április 30" [Television – Saturday, April 30]. Magyar Szó (in Hungarian). Novi Sad, SAP Vojvodina, Yugoslavia. 30 April – 2 May 1988. p. 32. Retrieved 18 June 2024 – via Vajdasági Magyar Digitális Adattár.
  75. ^ "RTV Spektar – subota 30. IV" [RTV Spektar – Saturday 30 April]. Slobodna Dalmacija RTV Spektar (in Serbo-Croatian). Split, SR Croatia, Yugoslavia. 28 April 1988. p. 7. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  76. ^ "'Mangup' za Evropu" ["Mangup" for Europe]. Slobodna Dalmacija RTV Spektar (in Serbo-Croatian). Split, SR Croatia, Yugoslavia. 28 April 1988. p. 1. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  77. ^ "Televizija – spored za soboto" [Television – schedule for Saturday]. Delo (in Slovenian). Ljubljana, SR Slovenia, Yugoslavia. 30 April 1988. p. 14. Retrieved 28 October 2024 – via Digital Library of Slovenia.
  78. ^ a b "Sunday's TV Programs". The Canberra Times. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 1 May 1988. p. 2. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Trove.
  79. ^ a b "Télé-spéciaux – dimanche" [TV specials – Sunday]. Télé Presse. Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 28 May 1988. p. 4. Retrieved 23 June 2024 – via National Library and Archives of Quebec.
  80. ^ "Sunday evening". Aldergrove Star. Aldergrove, British Columbia, Canada. 26 May 1988. p. 17. Retrieved 17 June 2024 – via University of British Columbia Library.
  81. ^ "Το αποψινο προγραμμα – ΡΙΚ" [Tonight's programme – RIK]. I Simerini (in Greek). Nicosia, Cyprus. 30 April 1988. p. 4. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 4 March 2024 – via Press and Information Office [el].
  82. ^ "Ραδιόφωνο – Σαββατο – 30 Απριλιου" [Radio – Saturday – 30 April]. O Phileleftheros (in Greek). Nicosia, Cyprus. 30 April 1988. p. 2. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 4 March 2024 – via Press and Information Office [el].
  83. ^ a b "neděle 29.5. /2/" [Sunday 29.5. /2/]. Rozhlasový týdeník [cs] (in Czech). No. 22. 16 May 1988. p. 15. Retrieved 21 June 2024 – via Kramerius [cs].
  84. ^ a b "L. 28. V" [S. 28. May]. Televisioon : TV (in Estonian). No. 22. Tallinn, Estonian SSR, Soviet Union. 23–29 May 1988. pp. 6–7. Retrieved 21 June 2024 – via DIGAR [et].
  85. ^ a b "Телевидение, программа на неделю" [Television, weekly programme] (PDF). Pravda (in Russian). Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union. 28 May 1988. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 February 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  86. ^ "Útvarp ⬥ Sjónvarp – Leygardagur 30. April" [Radio ⬥ Television – Saturday 30 April]. 14. september [fo] (in Faroese and Danish). Tórshavn, Faroe Islands. 28 April 1988. p. 19. Retrieved 16 July 2024 – via Infomedia [dk].
  87. ^ a b "KNR-TV – Ataasinngorneq/Mandag" [KNR-TV – Monday]. Atuagagdliutit (in Kalaallisut and Danish). Nuuk, Greenland. 2 May 1988. p. 16. Retrieved 15 July 2024 – via Timarit.is.
  88. ^ "Kép és hang | a rádió és a televízió műsora – Szombat Április 30" [Picture and sound | radio and television program – Saturday April 30.]. Petőfi Népe [hu] (in Hungarian). Kecskemét, Hungary. 30 April 1988. p. 7. Retrieved 23 June 2024 – via Hungaricana [hu].
  89. ^ "TV & Radio | Jordan Television – Programme Two". The Jordan Times. Amman, Jordan. 30 April 1988. p. 2. Retrieved 11 June 2024 – via Internet Archive.
  90. ^ a b "Telewizja – sobota – 14 V" [Television – Saturday – 14 May]. Dziennik Polski (in Polish). Kraków, Poland. 13 May 1988. p. 8. Retrieved 15 January 2023 – via Digital Library of Małopolska.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • O'Connor, John Kennedy (2010). The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History (2nd ed.). London, United Kingdom: Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-84732-521-1.
  • Roxburgh, Gordon (2016). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. Three: The 1980s. Prestatyn, United Kingdom: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-163-9.
  • Roxburgh, Gordon (2020). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. Four: The 1990s. Prestatyn: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-163-9.
  • Thorsson, Leif; Verhage, Martin (2006). Melodifestivalen genom tiderna : de svenska uttagningarna och internationella finalerna [Melodifestivalen through the ages: the Swedish selections and international finals] (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden: Premium Publishing. ISBN 91-89136-29-2.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eurovision Song Contest 1988.
Wikiquote has quotations related to Eurovision Song Contest 1988.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eurovision_Song_Contest_1988&oldid=1257375317"